Pomoc:CS1 errors

This page describes the error messages reported by the Szablon:Cs1 citations highlighted in the table on the right side of this page, what they mean, and how editors might resolve the errors.

Prior to 2013, the CS1 templates used the meta-template Szablon:Tlx. In 2013, as part of the WP:LUA project, Wikipedia editors upgraded the CS1 series of templates using a single Lua module. Module:Citation/CS1 is the engine that controls how CS1 citations are displayed and how citation data are passed to external referencing tools through COinS metadata. The benefits of the upgrade are enhanced performance, reduced complexity and redundancy, and for the purposes of this page, improved error detection, categorization, and reporting.

Controlling error message display

<section begin=control_error_messages_help_text /><section begin=show_error_messages_help_text /><section begin=show_all_messages_help_text />While most of the Szablon:Cs1 error messages are visible to all readers, some remain hidden. Editors who wish to see all of the CS1 error messages can do so by updating their common or skin CSS stylesheet to include:

Szablon:Code

Even with this css installed, older pages in WikipediaSzablon:'s cache may not have been updated to show these error messages even though the page is listed in one of the tracking categories. A WP:NULLEDIT will resolve that issue.<section end=show_error_messages_help_text />

The above code is required if you wish see maintenance category messages:

Category:CS1 maintenance (link)<section end=show_all_messages_help_text />

<section begin=hide_error_messages_help_text />Editors who do not wish to see any of the CS1 error messages can hide them all by updating their common or skin CSS stylesheet to include:

Szablon:Code<section end=hide_error_messages_help_text /><section end=control_error_messages_help_text />

|accessdate= requires |urlSzablon:=

<section begin=accessdate_missing_url_help_text />Szablon:Help desk (error message hidden by default)

The Szablon:Para (or its alias, Szablon:Para) is the date that the web resource addressed by Szablon:Para was added to the article. If Szablon:Para has been included in the citation without Szablon:Para then this message appears. If the citation does not use a web link, then Szablon:Para is redundant and should be removed.

When the web resource has a publication or other fixed date associated with it, Szablon:Para is of limited value though may be useful in identifying an appropriate archived version of the resource. Without Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para is not considered useful.

To resolve this error, provide a value for Szablon:Para or remove Szablon:Para. Editors should try to determine why the citation has Szablon:Para without Szablon:Para. For example, the citation may never have had a Szablon:Para, or Szablon:Para may have been removed because it links to a site that violates the creator's copyright (see WP:COPYLINK), or because Szablon:Para was deemed to be dead and (mistakenly) removed. If the citation never had Szablon:Para or it was removed for copyright violations, remove Szablon:Para. When a dead Szablon:Para has been removed, restore the Szablon:Para and if possible repair it (see WP:LINKROT).

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL.<section end=accessdate_missing_url_help_text />

|archiveurl= requires |archivedateSzablon:=

<section begin=archive_missing_date_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Para (or its alias, Szablon:Para), identifies the date that the web resource was archived.

To resolve this error, provide a value for Szablon:Para. For web resources archived at archive.org, the archival date can be found in the Szablon:Para; for resources archived at webcitation.org, the cache date is included in the archive header.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with archiveurl citation errors.<section end=archive_missing_date_help_text />

|archiveurl= requires |urlSzablon:=

<section begin=archive_missing_url_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

A properly formatted citation that includes Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para requires Szablon:Para. When the citation includes Szablon:Para, the ordering of elements in the rendered citation is changed to put the original url first.

To resolve this error, provide a value for Szablon:Para. For web resources archived at archive.org, the original url can be found in the Szablon:Para value; for resources archived at webcitation.org, the original url is included in the archive header.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with archiveurl citation errors.<section end=archive_missing_url_help_text />

|arxiv= required

<section begin=arxiv_missing_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Tlx requires one, but not both, of the identifier parameters Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para.

To resolve this error, ensure that the template has Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para with a properly constructed value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: arXiv.<section end=arxiv_missing_help_text />

|chapter= ignored

<section begin=chapter_ignored_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Cs1 templates Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, and template Szablon:Tlx when Szablon:Tld uses Szablon:Para or any of its aliases, do not support Szablon:Para or the aliases Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, or Szablon:Para.

To resolve this error, use a more appropriate citation template or place the content of the Szablon:Para parameter in Szablon:Para.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: chapter ignored.<section end=chapter_ignored_help_text />

Check |arxiv= value

<section begin=bad_arxiv_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

When CS1 citations contain Szablon:Para, a test is done to see if the arXiv identifier conforms with the arXiv identifier scheme. The identifier is checked for a valid number of digits in the article id; valid year and month values; and properly-placed hyphens, slashes, and dots.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: arXiv.<section end=bad_arxiv_help_text />

Check |asin= value

<section begin=bad_asin_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

When CS1 citations contain Szablon:Para, a test is done to see if the ASIN identifier is contains ten upper-case alphanumeric characters without punctuation or spaces and that if the first character is numeric, that the ASIN conforms to the rules for a ten-digit ISBN.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct.

If the Szablon:Para value is correct and all-numeric, use Szablon:Para instead and delete any Szablon:Para parameters. Articles with CS1 citations that use Szablon:Para with all numeric values are categorized in Szablon:Cl.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: ASIN.<section end=bad_asin_help_text />

Check |authorlink= value

<section begin=bad_authorlink_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

The Szablon:Para (or any of its aliases, such as Szablon:Para) links an associated Szablon:Para parameter value to the author's existing Wikipedia article. It should contain only the Wikipedia article name. Module:Citation/CS1 checks Szablon:Para for a URI scheme (http://, https://, the protocol relative scheme //, etc.).

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is the full name of a Wikipedia article (without brackets), and not a link to an external site.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: authorlink.<section end=bad_authorlink_help_text />

Check date values in: |param1=, |param2=, ...

<section begin=bad_date_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

When CS1 citations contain date-holding parameters, an automated test is done to see if the dates are real dates that comply with a subset of WP:DATESNO.

To resolve this error, ensure that the date is an actual date and that the date format follows the Wikipedia style sheet in the named parameter. Some things to look for:

• misplaced, incorrect, or extraneous punctuation
• extraneous text
• incomplete year-initial dates
• hyphens instead of en dashes
• misspelling or improper capitalization
• date formats listed in WP:BADDATEFORMAT
• impossible dates (e.g., 29 February 2011)
• errors in Szablon:Para caused by errors in Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para
• more than one date in a date-holding parameter

WP:DATERANGE describes how to separate dates in a date range. Do not use  , –, or Szablon:Tlx as these corrupt the metadata. To add an en dash, use the CharInsert edit tool or see Wikipedia:How to make dashes. A bot is often able to correct the separator, provided the overall format is unambiguous.

Future dates in CS1 citations are limited to current year + 1; that is, for 2024, citation dates in 2025 are acceptable but citation dates in 2026 and beyond are not.

Dates prior to 1582 are treated as Julian calendar dates. Dates from 1582 onward are treated as Gregorian calendar dates. The Julian calendar was used in some places until approximately 1923. Three Julian calendar dates in the overlap period, 29 February in the years 1700, 1800, and 1900, will cause this error message because those years are not leap years in the Gregorian calendar.

Access dates (in Szablon:Para) are checked to ensure that they are between 15 January 2001 (the founding date of Wikipedia) and the present, since they represent the date that an editor viewed a web-based source to verify a statement on Wikipedia.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: dates.<section end=bad_date_help_text />

Examples

Issue	Incorrect	Correct
Hyphen (use dash)	Title. 2002-2003.	Title. 2002–2003.
Slash (use dash)	Title. 2002/2003.	Title. 2002–2003.
Month capitalization	Title. 28 february 1900.	Title. 28 February 1900.
Season capitalization	Title. spring 2011.	Title. Spring 2011.
Future date (typo)	Title. 2102.	Title. 2012.
Ambiguous date range or year and month	Title. 2002-03.	Title. 2002–2003.  or Title. March 2002.
Bad abbreviation	Title. Febr. 28, 1900.	Title. Feb 28, 1900.  or Title. February 28, 1900.
Nonexistent date	Title. February 29, 1900.
Comma in month and year	Title. February, 1900.	Title. February 1900.
Non-date text	Title. 2008, originally 2000.	Title. 2008 [2000].  using Szablon:Para
Zero-padding	Title. January 04, 1987.	Title. January 4, 1987.
Date with slashes	Title. 12/6/87.	Title. December 6, 1987.  or Title. 12 June 1987.

Check |doi= value

<section begin=bad_doi_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

When CS1 citations contain Szablon:Para, a test is done to see if the prefix portion of the DOI value contains the proper "10." registry identifier. Additionally, the Szablon:Para value is checked to make sure that it does not contain spaces or en dashes and does not end with punctuation. Further validation of the DOI is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: DOI.<section end=bad_doi_help_text />

Check |isbn= value

<section begin=bad_isbn_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Cs1 templates that contain Szablon:Para are checked to ensure that the ISBN is the proper length (ten or thirteen digits), that the ISBN uses the correct optional separators (simple space or hyphen), and that the final check digit is correct according to the ISBN specification. Only one ISBN is allowed in this field because the whole Szablon:Para value is included in the citation's COinS metadata. See also Wikipedia:COinS. More than one ISBN, or characters that are not part of the ISBN, corrupt the COinS metadata and may also corrupt the link to Special:BookSources.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct, that only one ISBN is used, that the proper optional separators are used, and that no other text is included. Use the 13-digit ISBN when it is available. When a 10-digit ISBN is used, if the check digit is a lowercase 'x', change it to an uppercase 'X'.

• Do not try to resolve the error by simply recalculating the check digit. The check digit is there to check whether the main part of the number is correct. If the ISBN is failing to validate, it is likely that there is a typo in the main part of the number. In this case, recalculating the check digit results in an apparently valid ISBN that leads to the wrong source (or to nowhere).
• If you only have a 10-digit ISBN, do use the number as-is, do not try to convert it.
• If the ISBN as printed in your source is refusing to validate, do check both the front matter and the book cover for ISBNs. It is not uncommon for the ISBN to be misprinted in the front matter but correct on the cover.
• Do preview your edit and check that the new ISBN does now link to the correct source.

In very rare cases, publishers have released books with malformed ISBNs. If you are certain that a non-conforming ISBN truly corresponds to the published work, then you can add Szablon:Para to the citation in order to suppress the error message. In many cases, books may have been reissued with a corrected ISBN. Use a corrected ISBN when possible.

See also Wikipedia:ISBN.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with ISBN errors.<section end=bad_isbn_help_text />

Check |issn= value

<section begin=bad_issn_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Cs1 templates that contain Szablon:Para are checked to ensure that the ISSN is the proper length (eight digits) and that the final check digit validates according to the ISSN specification. Only one ISSN is allowed in this field because the whole Szablon:Para value is included in the citation's COinS metadata. See also Wikipedia:COinS. The ISSN is always rendered as two four-digit numbers separated with a hyphen.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct, that only one ISSN is used, and that no other text is included (allowable characters are 0-9, X, and -). If the check-digit is a lowercase 'x', change it to an uppercase 'X'.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: ISSN.<section end=bad_issn_help_text />

Check |lccn= value

<section begin=bad_lccn_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

The Szablon:Para parameter is the Library of Congress Control Number identifier. It is checked to ensure that the identifier is the proper length and has the correct initial digits.

LCCN is a character string 8–12 characters long. The length of the LCCN dictates the character type of the initial 1–3 characters; the rightmost eight are always digits.

LCCN format description

Length	Description
8	all characters are digits
9	first character is a lower case letter
10	first two characters are either both lower case letters or both digits
11	first character is a lower case letter, second and third characters are either both lower case letters or both digits
12	first two characters are both lower case letters

Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct and that there are no other letters, punctuation, or other characters.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: LCCN.<section end=bad_lccn_help_text />

Check |message-id= value

<section begin=bad_message_id_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

The Szablon:Para parameter holds the unique identifier associated with a netnews message. The value in Szablon:Para is checked to make sure that it contains @ between left and right identifiers. Szablon:Para is also checked to make sure that the first character is not < and the last character is not >. Module:Citation/CS1 adds the uri news: to the value in Szablon:Para. If the value in Szablon:Para is wrapped in <...> characters, the link created fails.

Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct, that it contains @ and is not wrapped in <...> characters.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: message-id.<section end=bad_message_id_help_text />

Check |ol= value

<section begin=bad_ol_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

The Szablon:Para parameter is the Open Library identifier. The identifier is one or more digits followed by a last character that is either A (authors), M (books), or W (works). Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct. Do not include "OL" in the value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: OL.<section end=bad_ol_help_text />

Check |pmc= value

<section begin=bad_pmc_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

The Szablon:Para parameter is the PubMed Central identifier. PMCs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up. Module:Citation/CS1 checks the PMC identifier to make sure that the value is a number greater than zero and less than 5000000 and that the identifier contains only digits. Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct, and that there are no letters, punctuation, or other characters. Do not include "PMC" in the value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: PMC.<section end=bad_pmc_help_text />

Check |pmid= value

<section begin=bad_pmid_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

The Szablon:Para parameter is the PubMed identifier. PMIDs are checked to ensure that the identifier is a simple number without punctuation or spaces with a value greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 30000000. Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that the Szablon:Para value is correct. If you find something that looks like a PMID and begins with "PMC", use Szablon:Para instead of Szablon:Para.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: PMID.<section end=bad_pmid_help_text />

Check |url= scheme

<section begin=bad_url_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

External links in CS1 citations are made from two parts: the title (Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, etc.) and the URL (Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, etc.). The Szablon:Para parameter and other URL parameters must begin with a supported URI scheme. The URI schemes http://, https:// and the protocol relative scheme // are most commonly used; irc://, ircs://, ftp://, news:, mailto: and gopher:// are also supported.

The URL field is checked to ensure it includes either a colon (:) or the double forward slash (//). Further validation is not performed.

To resolve this error, ensure that Szablon:Para and other URL parameters contain valid URLs.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with URL errors.<section end=bad_url_help_text />

Cite uses deprecated parameters

<section begin=deprecated_params_help_text />Szablon:Help desk (error message hidden by default)

Over time, some parameters have become obsolete or unnecessary. When this happens, the parameters are identified as deprecated. Editors are encouraged to use other parameters that accomplish the same purpose as those that have been deprecated. The CS1 deprecated parameters are listed in the following table, along with recommended replacement parameters.

Deprecated CS1 parameters

Parameter	Replace with
Szablon:Para Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	If appropriate, Szablon:Para may be wikilinked
Szablon:Para Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, etc.; or Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, ...
Szablon:Para Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Incorporate into Szablon:Para along with the year.
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para

To resolve this error, use an alternate parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters.<section end=deprecated_params_help_text />

|coauthors= requires |authorSzablon:=

<section begin=coauthors_missing_author_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para are deprecated parameters. Where they exist without accompanying Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, or Szablon:Para, the content of Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para is not displayed.

To resolve this error, use Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, etc., or use Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, etc. to individually list all authors.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: coauthors without author.<section end=coauthors_missing_author_help_text />

|displayeditors= suggested

<section begin=displayeditors_help_text />Szablon:Help desk (error message hidden by default)

To resolve this error for cited sources with more than four editors, add the remaining editors to the citation or set Szablon:Para to 3 or some lesser value to truncate the editor list. If there are exactly four editors, then set Szablon:Para to 4 or higher to display all four editors without including "et al."

Prior to the introduction of Lua-based citations, the citation formatting templates were designed to support no more than four editors. Specifically, if four (or more) editor parameters were specified, then the template would display three editor names followed by "et al." to indicate that the list had been truncated. Some editors relied on this behavior to include the "et al." label. For example:

The Lua-based citation templates can accommodate an arbitrarily large number of editors. The Lua-based templates can also explicitly include an "et al." label with the new Szablon:Para parameter, a parameter that was not available to the old-style templates.

The old-style templates supported at most four editors. The new Lua-based templates cannot know if Wikipedia editors created citations with exactly four editors because there were only four editors or, because old-style citations were limited to four editors. This error message is reported by citations with exactly four editors but without Szablon:Para. To preserve the behavior of old-style citations, Lua-based citations display "et al." in place of the fourth editor.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages using citations with old-style implicit et al. in editors<section end=displayeditors_help_text />

Empty citation

<section begin=empty_citation_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

"Empty" may mean that the CS1 citation contains no recognizable parameter identifiers. For example this citation isn't "empty" because it contains usable information:

{{cite web | http://www.foobar.com | The Foobar Bar}}

The citation is "empty" because it doesn't contain the necessary parameter identifiers (in this case Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para) that tell Szablon:Tlx how to use the information that the citation does contain.

"Empty" may also mean that an editor meant to use another template entirely. Perhaps the editor used Szablon:Tlx when the intent was to use Szablon:Tlx or Szablon:Tlx.

To resolve this error, add appropriate parameter identifiers or replace the CS1 citation with a more appropriate template.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with empty citations.<section end=empty_citation_help_text />

Extra |pages= or |at=

<section begin=extra_pages_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

This error occurs when CS1 citations attempt to simultaneously use more than one of the parameters: Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, or Szablon:Para. Each of these parameters is meant to provide a different way of specifying the location within a larger work, of the cited content, that is, of the specific page(s) or place in a cited source that contains the information that supports the article text. Only one of these parameters is displayed in any rendered citation. According to their intended purpose, Szablon:Para should be used to specify a single page that is relevant to the cited content, Szablon:Para should be used to specify a range or list of pages (e.g. 37–42) that are relevant, and Szablon:Para should be used to indicate a location in the larger work that is not a numbered page (e.g. "back cover"). Sometimes, editors misunderstand the meaning of Szablon:Para, and attempt to use it to indicate the total number of pages in the resource.

When Szablon:Para is used with either or both of Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para, only the Szablon:Para value is displayed. Similarly, when Szablon:Para is used with Szablon:Para, only the Szablon:Para value is displayed.

To resolve this error, remove the inappropriate parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations using conflicting page specifications.<section end=extra_pages_help_text />

|firstn= missing |lastn= in Authors/Editors list

<section begin=first_missing_last_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Cs1 requires a Szablon:Para parameter for each Szablon:Para parameter in a citation. Author and editor lists are checked for proper last/first pairing. CS1 will emit this error message for the first mismatch it detects. If there are more last/first mismatches in a citation, subsequent mismatches are not detected.

There is no requirement that each Szablon:Para have a matching Szablon:Para.

The error message uses a sort of shorthand: Szablon:Para can refer to any of the legitimate Szablon:Para aliases in the authors list. Similarly, Szablon:Para refers to any of the Szablon:Para aliases in the editors list.

To resolve this error, ensure that each Szablon:Para has a corresponding Szablon:Para.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: missing author or editor.<section end=first_missing_last_help_text />

|format= requires |urlSzablon:=

<section begin=format_missing_url_help_text />Szablon:Help desk (error message hidden by default)
(error message hidden by default)

These errors occur when CS1 citations use Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para without also providing a corresponding URL for Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para, respectively. The Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para parameters are used to specify the file format of a web resource (e.g. PDF, DOC, XLS, etc.). In some cases an editor may have intended to use Szablon:Para to specify a kind of document (e.g. hard cover, paperback, pamphlet, etc.) The Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para value is always displayed.

The list of Szablon:Para parameters is:

Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para

As of 29 November 2014, Szablon:Para is a new parameter. Citations that relied on the old, somewhat odd use of Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para may need adjustment.

To resolve this error, remove Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para; define Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para; or change Szablon:Para to Szablon:Para (or to Szablon:Para if Szablon:Para is used without Szablon:Para.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages using citations with format and no URL.<section end=format_missing_url_help_text />

Invalid parameter value

<section begin=invalid_param_val_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

To function properly, some parameters are limited to a certain set set of acceptable values. This error message indicates that a parameter has been assigned a value that is not a member of the parameter's defined set of acceptable values.

Parameters with limited acceptable values are:

Szablon:Para

acceptable values: cs1 and CS2

Szablon:Para

acceptable values: vanc

The deprecated parameters Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, and Szablon:Para are aliases of Szablon:Para and are reported as Szablon:Para.

To resolve this error, use an appropriate value.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: invalid parameter value.<section end=invalid_param_val_help_text />

Missing |lastn= in Authors/Editors list

<section begin=missing_name_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

So that all authors and editors are listed in a rendered citation, Szablon:Cs1 requires n in Szablon:Para (and its aliases) to increment by 1 for each author or editor. This error message is emitted when there is a 'hole' in the numbering (an author list made up of Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para but without Szablon:Para for example).

The test will not detect a 'hole' that is larger than 1. It is presumed that when Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para are both not present, then the test has reached the end of the list.

The error message uses a sort of shorthand: Szablon:Para can refer to any of the legitimate Szablon:Para aliases in the authors list. Similarly, Szablon:Para refers to any of the Szablon:Para aliases in the editors list.

To resolve this error, ensure that the numbering of the Szablon:Para parameters increments properly.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: missing author or editor.<section end=missing_name_help_text />

Missing or empty |titleSzablon:=

There are two slightly different error conditions that can arise when CS1 citations lack appropriate titles. In each case, CS1 reports this error message. The necessary resolution may vary depending on the cause of the error. The error message links to the appropriate description below.

Bare URL without a title

<section begin=bare_url_missing_title_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

All Lua-based CS1 citations report this error when one of the URL-containing parameters cannot be paired with an associated title. This error may also occur when Szablon:Para cannot be linked with Szablon:Para because the citation also contains a conflicting Szablon:Para parameter.

URL-containing parameters and associated title parameters

URL parameters	Title parameters
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para
Szablon:Para	Szablon:Para

A unique case exists: if Szablon:Para has a value and Szablon:Para is omitted or empty, then Szablon:Para is linked with the same URL as the PMC.

Because URLs are ugly and generally uninformative, it is expected that editors should provide a meaningful title for each URL. In most cases this can be accomplished by using the Szablon:Para parameter.

To resolve this error, provide an appropriate title for the URL-containing parameter. In the case where Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para are contending for Szablon:Para you must choose which one to keep. Consider moving Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para to a more suitable parameter.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations having bare URLs.<section end=bare_url_missing_title_help_text />

Citation without a title of any form

<section begin=citation_missing_title_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

This error occurs for CS1 citations when all of the associated title parameters are omitted or left blank. Depending on the type of citation (Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, etc.), the possible title parameters may include Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, and so forth. At least one such title parameter must be provided for each citation.

{{cite episode}} will show this error if Szablon:Para is blank (even if a Szablon:Para is provided).

Sometimes this error occurs because an editor has used a CS1 citation as a shortened footnote when Szablon:Tlx or one of the Szablon:Tlx family of templates would have been more appropriate. This error also occurs when an editor used Szablon:Tlx but intended to use Szablon:Tlx.

To resolve this error, provide a value for Szablon:Para or replace the CS1 citation with a more appropriate template.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations lacking titles.<section end=citation_missing_title_help_text />

Missing or empty |urlSzablon:=

<section begin=cite_web_url_help_text />Szablon:Help desk (error message hidden by default)

This error message is reported by Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, and Szablon:Tlx when the template parameters Szablon:Para and Szablon:Para are both missing, blank or not properly entered. Note that Szablon:Para or Szablon:Para is the name of the site, not the URL.

To resolve this error, provide a value for Szablon:Para or use a more appropriate template such as {{cite book}}, {{cite journal}} or other Szablon:Cs1 template.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages using web citations with no URL.<section end=cite_web_url_help_text />

More than one of |param1=, |param2=, and |param3= specified

<section begin=redundant_parameters_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

This error occurs when a CS1 citation includes more than one parameter that maps to the same meaning. For example, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, and Szablon:Para are all synonyms of each other, so no more than one of these parameters should ever be used in a single citation.

To resolve this error, remove or modify the redundant parameter(s).

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations having redundant parameters.<section end=redundant_parameters_help_text />

Text "????" ignored

<section begin=text_ignored_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Unlike many Wikipedia templates, the CS1 citations do not use unnamed or positional parameters. When a citation contains text between vertical bars and that text does not contain an equal sign (=), CS1 ignores the text and reports the error. This is true even when the text is the name of a valid parameter.

This error can also be caused by vertical bars that are part of URLs or titles. When vertical bars occur in URLs, replace each vertical bar with %7c. When vertical bars occur in parameter values that are not URLs, replace each vertical bar with |.

To resolve this error, remove the extraneous text, add '=', add an appropriate parameter name from the citation template you're using to complete the parameter, or properly encode vertical bars in URLs and titles.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations using unnamed parameters.<section end=text_ignored_help_text />

|trans_chapter= requires |chapterSzablon:=

<section begin=trans_missing_chapter_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

This error occurs when a CS1 citation has an English translation of a chapter title in Szablon:Para but does not have the original-language chapter title in Szablon:Para.

To resolve this error, provide a value for Szablon:Para. Consider adding Szablon:Para if not already part of the citation.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations using translated terms without the original.<section end=trans_missing_chapter_help_text />

|trans_title= requires |titleSzablon:=

<section begin=trans_missing_title_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

CS1 citations report this error when the citation has an English translation of the title in Szablon:Para but does not have the original-language title in Szablon:Para.

To resolve this error, provide the original language title for Szablon:Para. Consider adding Szablon:Para if not already part of the citation.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations using translated terms without the original.<section end=trans_missing_title_help_text />

Unknown parameter |xxxx= ignored

<section begin=parameter_ignored_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

CS1 citations report this error when the name portion of a parameter's Szablon:Para pair is not recognized as a valid name. Typically, this is caused by spelling errors.

With the old-style citation templates, it was possible to include information within the template that was simply ignored as unrecognized parameters. The Lua-based CS1 engine does not ignore unrecognized parameters. The purpose of the citation is to properly identify the source; not act as a repository of notes and ancillary information.

With very few exceptions, CS1 citation parameters are lower case. CS1 will report this error when the parameter's name contains uppercase letters (Szablon:!xt) but the parameter's name is defined as lowercase (Szablon:Xt). Some parameters, like Szablon:Para, can be either lower case or upper case, but not of mixed case (Szablon:Xt or Szablon:Xt but not Szablon:!xt). For common parameter misspellings, like Szablon:Para instead of Szablon:Para, CS1 will suggest a valid parameter name.

To resolve this error, replace the erroneous parameter name with a correct one, possibly using the suggested name. Ensure that the parameter's name is correctly spelled and that there are no characters except spaces between the parameter's name and the leading vertical bar (|) or trailing equal sign (=). A list of valid parameters can be found by consulting Help:Citation Style 1 or visiting the description page of the specific template being used, such as Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, Szablon:Tlx, etc. Consider moving information associated with the unknown parameter into an appropriate parameter or to a section of the article's talk page for preservation.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations using unsupported parameters.<section end=parameter_ignored_help_text />

Unsupported parameter(s) in cite arXiv

<section begin=arxiv_params_not_supported_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

Szablon:Tlx uses a limited subset of the common Szablon:Cs1 parameters. This error message is emitted when parameters not in the Szablon:Tld subset occur in a Szablon:Tld template.

To resolve this error, remove the unsupported parameters. See Template:Cite arxiv for the complete list of supported parameters.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: arXiv.<section end=arxiv_params_not_supported_help_text />

Vancouver style error

<section begin=vancouver_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

This error is reported for citations that use Szablon:Para. Vancouver style restricts author or editor names to the Latin alphabet. For the purposes of this test, Module:Citation/CS1 defines the Latin alphabet as the letters defined in the Unicode Latin character sets:

C0 Controls and Basic Latin (0041–005A, 0061–007A)

C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement (00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF)

Latin Extended-A (0100–017F)

Latin Extended-B (0180–01BF, 01C4–024F)

To resolve this error, Romanize author and editor names.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:CS1 errors: Vancouver style.<section end=vancouver_help_text />

Wikilink embedded in URL title

<section begin=wikilink_in_url_help_text />Szablon:Help desk

External links in a rendered citation are a combination of url-holding parameters, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, etc., with title-holding parameters, Szablon:Para, Szablon:Para, etc. Title-holding parameters may be wikilinked to another Wikipedia article but not when there is a matching url-holding parameter in the citation. When this condition occurs, the wikilink is suppressed, the wiki markup ignored, and the rendered citation links to the external site.

Some templates will also cause this error if they are part of a title-holding parameter. The error occurs when the template produces wikilinked content. For example, Szablon:Tlx templates output a wikilinked category. Templates in url-holding parameters may also corrupt the citation's COinS metadata. As a general rule, avoid using templates in title-holding parameters unless you know that the template's affects are entirely visual (Szablon:Tlx and the like).

This type of error may also occur in identifier-based templates (Szablon:Tlx, etc.). When this happens, the error message is shown in the article but the error is actually located in the identifier-based citation template.

To resolve this error, remove wikilinks from title-holding parameters that are intended to be externally linked or remove the external URL, which will allow the internal wikilinks to work as expected. If wikilink-producing templates are important to the citation, move them out of the CS1 template but leave them inside the citation's Szablon:Tag tags. Some of the functionality provided by templates may also be available through CS1 parameters.

To resolve errors in identifier-based citation templates, the template must be edited to correct the error. Exercise caution when editing these templates because identifier-based citation templates are often used in multiple articles.

Pages with this error are automatically placed in Category:Pages with citations having wikilinks embedded in URL titles.<section end=wikilink_in_url_help_text /><section begin=notes_help_text />

Notes

Szablon:Reflist<section end=notes_help_text /> <section begin=references_help_text />

References

Szablon:Reflist<section end=references_help_text />